Add EDFScheduling algorithm (#5657)

Author: Hardvan

DIRECTORY.md

@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@
             * [OnesComplement](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/OnesComplement.java)
             * [ReverseBits](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/ReverseBits.java)
             * [SingleBitOperations](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/SingleBitOperations.java)
+            * [SingleElement](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/SingleElement.java)
+            * [SwapAdjacentBits](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/SwapAdjacentBits.java)
             * [TwosComplement](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/TwosComplement.java)
           * ciphers
             * a5
@@ -476,6 +478,7 @@
           * Recursion
             * [GenerateSubsets](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/Recursion/GenerateSubsets.java)
           * scheduling
+            * [EDFScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/EDFScheduling.java)
             * [FCFSScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/FCFSScheduling.java)
             * [HighestResponseRatioNextScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/HighestResponseRatioNextScheduling.java)
             * [JobSchedulingWithDeadline](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/JobSchedulingWithDeadline.java)
@@ -649,6 +652,8 @@
             * [OnesComplementTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/OnesComplementTest.java)
             * [ReverseBitsTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/ReverseBitsTest.java)
             * [SingleBitOperationsTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/SingleBitOperationsTest.java)
+            * [SingleElementTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/SingleElementTest.java)
+            * [SwapAdjacentBitsTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/SwapAdjacentBitsTest.java)
             * [TwosComplementTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/TwosComplementTest.java)
           * ciphers
             * a5
@@ -975,6 +980,7 @@
           * Recursion
             * [GenerateSubsetsTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/Recursion/GenerateSubsetsTest.java)
           * scheduling
+            * [EDFSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/EDFSchedulingTest.java)
             * [FCFSSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/FCFSSchedulingTest.java)
             * [HighestResponseRatioNextSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/HighestResponseRatioNextSchedulingTest.java)
             * [JobSchedulingWithDeadlineTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/JobSchedulingWithDeadlineTest.java)

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/EDFScheduling.java

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.scheduling;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * The Earliest Deadline First (EDF) Scheduling class implements a dynamic scheduling algorithm.
+ * It assigns the CPU to processes with the earliest deadlines, ensuring that deadlines are met if possible.
+ * This scheduling algorithm is ideal for real-time systems where meeting deadlines is critical.
+ */
+public final class EDFScheduling {
+    private EDFScheduling() {
+    }
+
+    private List<Process> processes;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an EDFScheduling object with a list of processes.
+     *
+     * @param processes List of processes to be scheduled.
+     */
+    public EDFScheduling(final List<Process> processes) {
+        this.processes = processes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Schedules the processes using Earliest Deadline First (EDF) scheduling.
+     * Processes are sorted by their deadlines, and the method simulates their execution.
+     * It calculates the waiting time and turnaround time for each process.
+     *
+     * @return List of processes after they have been executed in order of earliest deadline first.
+     */
+    public List<Process> scheduleProcesses() {
+        processes.sort(Comparator.comparingInt(Process::getDeadline));
+
+        int currentTime = 0;
+        List<Process> executedProcesses = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        for (Process process : processes) {
+            process.setWaitingTime(currentTime);
+            currentTime += process.getBurstTime();
+            process.setTurnAroundTime(process.getWaitingTime() + process.getBurstTime());
+
+            if (currentTime > process.getDeadline()) {
+                System.out.println("Warning: Process " + process.getProcessId() + " missed its deadline.");
+            }
+
+            executedProcesses.add(process);
+        }
+
+        return executedProcesses;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The Process class represents a process with an ID, burst time, deadline, waiting time, and turnaround time.
+     */
+    public static class Process {
+        private String processId;
+        private int burstTime;
+        private int deadline;
+        private int waitingTime;
+        private int turnAroundTime;
+
+        public Process(String processId, int burstTime, int deadline) {
+            this.processId = processId;
+            this.burstTime = burstTime;
+            this.deadline = deadline;
+        }
+
+        public String getProcessId() {
+            return processId;
+        }
+
+        public int getBurstTime() {
+            return burstTime;
+        }
+
+        public int getDeadline() {
+            return deadline;
+        }
+
+        public int getWaitingTime() {
+            return waitingTime;
+        }
+
+        public void setWaitingTime(int waitingTime) {
+            this.waitingTime = waitingTime;
+        }
+
+        public int getTurnAroundTime() {
+            return turnAroundTime;
+        }
+
+        public void setTurnAroundTime(int turnAroundTime) {
+            this.turnAroundTime = turnAroundTime;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/EDFSchedulingTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.scheduling;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+public class EDFSchedulingTest {
+
+    private List<EDFScheduling.Process> processes;
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    public void setup() {
+        processes = createProcesses();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testEDFScheduling() {
+        EDFScheduling edfScheduling = new EDFScheduling(processes);
+        List<EDFScheduling.Process> executedProcesses = edfScheduling.scheduleProcesses();
+
+        // Assert the correct number of processes
+        assertEquals(3, executedProcesses.size());
+
+        // Assert that processes are executed in order of earliest deadline first
+        EDFScheduling.Process process1 = executedProcesses.get(0);
+        assertEquals("P2", process1.getProcessId());
+        assertEquals(0, process1.getWaitingTime());
+        assertEquals(3, process1.getTurnAroundTime());
+
+        EDFScheduling.Process process2 = executedProcesses.get(1);
+        assertEquals("P1", process2.getProcessId());
+        assertEquals(3, process2.getWaitingTime());
+        assertEquals(10, process2.getTurnAroundTime());
+
+        EDFScheduling.Process process3 = executedProcesses.get(2);
+        assertEquals("P3", process3.getProcessId());
+        assertEquals(10, process3.getWaitingTime());
+        assertEquals(18, process3.getTurnAroundTime());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testProcessMissedDeadline() {
+        // Modify the deadline of a process to ensure it will miss its deadline
+        processes.get(1).setTurnAroundTime(5); // Set P1's deadline to 5 (which it will miss)
+
+        EDFScheduling edfScheduling = new EDFScheduling(processes);
+        edfScheduling.scheduleProcesses();
+
+        // Check if the process with ID "P1" missed its deadline
+        assertEquals("P1", processes.get(1).getProcessId());
+    }
+
+    private List<EDFScheduling.Process> createProcesses() {
+        // Process ID, Burst Time, Deadline
+        EDFScheduling.Process process1 = new EDFScheduling.Process("P1", 7, 10); // 7 burst time, 10 deadline
+        EDFScheduling.Process process2 = new EDFScheduling.Process("P2", 3, 5); // 3 burst time, 5 deadline
+        EDFScheduling.Process process3 = new EDFScheduling.Process("P3", 8, 18); // 8 burst time, 18 deadline
+
+        List<EDFScheduling.Process> processes = new ArrayList<>();
+        processes.add(process1);
+        processes.add(process2);
+        processes.add(process3);
+
+        return processes;
+    }
+}