avahi-alias.py

#! /usr/bin/env python2
'''
Register a mDNS/DNS-SD alias name for your computer using the Avahi daemon

This script will register an alternate CNAME alias besides your hostname,
which could be useful for ex. when serving several http virtual hosts to 
your ffriends on the local network and you don't want to make them configure
their /etc/hosts.

Why a CNAME? You could also publish your current address with avahi-publish-address
but on a multihomed host (connected via wifi0 and eth0 perhaps) a single
address will not be valid on both networks. So this publishes a CNAME to your
hostname, which, by default, is already published by Avahi.

domain should almost always be .local
the cname is not restricted to ascii, it'll be encoded as IDNA

The alias will stay published until the script runs.
'''
import avahi, dbus
from encodings.idna import ToASCII

RAW_TTL = 60
TTL = dbus.UInt32(RAW_TTL)
# Got these from /usr/include/avahi-common/defs.h
CLASS_IN = dbus.UInt16(0x01)
TYPE_CNAME = dbus.UInt16(0x05)

class AvahiPublisher(object):

    cnames = set()

    def __init__(self, cnames):
        for each in cnames:
            name = unicode(each, locale.getpreferredencoding())
            self.cnames.add(name)

    def publish_all(self):
        for cname in self.cnames:
            self.publish_cname(cname)

    def publish_cname(self, cname):
        bus = dbus.SystemBus()
        server = dbus.Interface(bus.get_object(avahi.DBUS_NAME, avahi.DBUS_PATH_SERVER),
                avahi.DBUS_INTERFACE_SERVER)
        group = dbus.Interface(bus.get_object(avahi.DBUS_NAME, server.EntryGroupNew()),
                avahi.DBUS_INTERFACE_ENTRY_GROUP)

        if not u'.' in cname:
            cname = cname + '.local'
        cname = self.encode_cname(cname)
        rdata = self.encode_rdata(server.GetHostNameFqdn())
        rdata = avahi.string_to_byte_array(rdata)

        group.AddRecord(avahi.IF_UNSPEC, avahi.PROTO_UNSPEC, dbus.UInt32(0),
            cname, CLASS_IN, TYPE_CNAME, TTL, rdata)
        group.Commit()


    def encode_cname(self, name):
        return '.'.join( ToASCII(p) for p in name.split('.') if p )

    def encode_rdata(self, name):
        def enc(part):
            a = ToASCII(part)
            return chr(len(a)), a
        return ''.join( '%s%s' % enc(p) for p in name.split('.') if p ) + '\0'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    import time, sys, locale
    if len(sys.argv)<2:
        script_name = sys.argv[0]
        print "Usage: %s hostname.local [hostname2.local] [hostname3.local]" % script_name
        sys.exit(1)
        
    publisher = AvahiPublisher(sys.argv[1:])
    publisher.publish_all()

    try:
        while True: 
            time.sleep(RAW_TTL - 10)
            publisher.publish_all()
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print "Exiting"
        sys.exit(0)