textadept_gtk.c

// Copyright 2007-2025 Mitchell. See LICENSE.
// GTK platform for Textadept.

#include "textadept.h"

#include "lauxlib.h"

#include <math.h> // for fmax
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <gdk/gdkkeysyms.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#include "ScintillaWidget.h" // must come after <gtk/gtk.h>

// GTK objects.
static GtkWidget *window, *menubar, *tabbar, *statusbar[2];
static GtkAccelGroup *accel;
static GtkWidget *command_entry_box, *command_entry_label, *findbox, *find_entry, *repl_entry,
	*find_label, *repl_label;
static GtkListStore *find_history, *repl_history;

static bool tab_sync;
static int current_tab;

const char *get_platform(void) { return "GTK"; }

const char *get_charset(void) {
	const char *charset;
	return (g_get_charset(&charset), charset);
}

// Signal for exiting Textadept.
// Generates a 'quit' event. If that event does not return `true`, quits the application.
static bool exiting(GtkWidget *_, GdkEventAny *__, void *___) {
	if (!can_quit()) return true; // halt
	return (close_textadept(), scintilla_release_resources(), gtk_main_quit(), false);
}

// Signal for a Textadept window focus change.
// Generates a 'focus' event.
static bool window_focused(GtkWidget *_, GdkEventFocus *__, void *___) {
	if (!is_command_entry_active()) emit("focus", -1);
	return false;
}

// Signal for window focus loss.
// Generates an 'unfocus' event.
static bool focus_lost(GtkWidget *_, GdkEvent *__, void *___) {
	return (emit("unfocus", -1), is_command_entry_active()); // keep focus if window is losing focus
}

// Signal for a Textadept window keypress (not a Scintilla keypress).
static bool window_keypress(GtkWidget *_, GdkEventKey *event, void *__) {
	if (event->keyval == GDK_KEY_Escape && gtk_widget_get_visible(findbox) &&
		!gtk_widget_has_focus(command_entry))
		return (gtk_widget_grab_focus(focused_view), gtk_widget_hide(findbox), true);
	return false;
}

// Signal for switching buffer tabs.
// When triggered by the user (i.e. not synchronizing the tabbar), switches to the specified
// buffer.
// Generates a 'tab_clicked' event.
static void tab_changed(GtkNotebook *_, GtkWidget *__, int tab_num, void *___) {
	current_tab = tab_num;
	if (!tab_sync) emit("tab_clicked", LUA_TNUMBER, tab_num + 1, LUA_TNUMBER, 1, LUA_TNUMBER, 0, -1);
}

// Signal for reordering tabs.
static void tab_reordered(GtkNotebook *_, GtkWidget *__, int tab_num, void *___) {
	move_buffer(current_tab + 1, tab_num + 1, false);
}

// Signal for a Find/Replace entry keypress.
static bool find_keypress(GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventKey *event, void *_) {
	if (event->keyval != GDK_KEY_Return) return false;
	FindButton *button = (event->state & GDK_SHIFT_MASK) == 0 ?
		(widget == find_entry ? find_next : replace) :
		(widget == find_entry ? find_prev : replace_all);
	return (find_clicked(button), true);
}

// Creates and returns for the findbox a new GtkComboBoxEntry, storing its GtkLabel, GtkEntry,
// and GtkListStore in the given pointers.
static GtkWidget *new_combo(GtkWidget **label, GtkWidget **entry, GtkListStore **history) {
	*label = gtk_label_new(""); // localized label text set later via Lua
	*history = gtk_list_store_new(1, G_TYPE_STRING);
	GtkWidget *combo = gtk_combo_box_new_with_model_and_entry(GTK_TREE_MODEL(*history));
	gtk_combo_box_set_entry_text_column(GTK_COMBO_BOX(combo), 0);
	gtk_combo_box_set_focus_on_click(GTK_COMBO_BOX(combo), false);
	*entry = gtk_bin_get_child(GTK_BIN(combo));
	gtk_entry_set_text(GTK_ENTRY(*entry), " "), gtk_entry_set_text(GTK_ENTRY(*entry), ""); // non-NULL
	gtk_label_set_mnemonic_widget(GTK_LABEL(*label), *entry);
	g_signal_connect(*entry, "key-press-event", G_CALLBACK(find_keypress), NULL);
	return combo;
}

// Signal for a Find entry keypress.
// Generates a 'find_text_changed' event.
static void find_changed(GtkEditable *_, void *__) { emit("find_text_changed", -1); }

// Signal for a Find button click.
static void button_clicked(GtkWidget *button, void *_) { find_clicked(button); }

// Creates and returns a new button for the findbox.
static GtkWidget *new_button(void) {
	GtkWidget *button = gtk_button_new_with_mnemonic(""); // localized via Lua
	g_signal_connect(button, "clicked", G_CALLBACK(button_clicked), NULL);
	gtk_widget_set_can_focus(button, false);
	return button;
}

// Creates and returns a new checkbox option for the findbox.
static GtkWidget *new_option(void) {
	GtkWidget *option = gtk_check_button_new_with_mnemonic(""); // localized via Lua
	return (gtk_widget_set_can_focus(option, false), option);
}

// Creates the findbox.
static GtkWidget *new_findbox(void) {
	findbox = gtk_table_new(2, 6, false);

	GtkWidget *find_combo = new_combo(&find_label, &find_entry, &find_history),
						*replace_combo = new_combo(&repl_label, &repl_entry, &repl_history);
	g_signal_connect(find_entry, "changed", G_CALLBACK(find_changed), NULL);
	find_next = new_button(), find_prev = new_button(), replace = new_button(),
	replace_all = new_button(), match_case = new_option(), whole_word = new_option(),
	regex = new_option(), in_files = new_option();

	gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(findbox), find_label, 0, 1, 0, 1, GTK_FILL, 0, 5, 0);
	gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(findbox), repl_label, 0, 1, 1, 2, GTK_FILL, 0, 5, 0);
	gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(findbox), find_combo, 1, 2, 0, 1, GTK_FILL | GTK_EXPAND, 0, 5, 0);
	gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(findbox), replace_combo, 1, 2, 1, 2, GTK_FILL | GTK_EXPAND, 0, 5, 0);
	gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(findbox), find_next, 2, 3, 0, 1, GTK_FILL, 0, 0, 0);
	gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(findbox), find_prev, 3, 4, 0, 1, GTK_FILL, 0, 0, 0);
	gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(findbox), replace, 2, 3, 1, 2, GTK_FILL, 0, 0, 0);
	gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(findbox), replace_all, 3, 4, 1, 2, GTK_FILL, 0, 0, 0);
	gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(findbox), match_case, 4, 5, 0, 1, GTK_FILL, 0, 5, 0);
	gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(findbox), whole_word, 4, 5, 1, 2, GTK_FILL, 0, 5, 0);
	gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(findbox), regex, 5, 6, 0, 1, GTK_FILL, 0, 5, 0);
	gtk_table_attach(GTK_TABLE(findbox), in_files, 5, 6, 1, 2, GTK_FILL, 0, 5, 0);

	return findbox;
}

void new_window(SciObject *(*get_view)(void)) {
	char *icon = g_strconcat(textadept_home, "/core/images/textadept.svg", NULL);
	gtk_window_set_default_icon_from_file(icon, NULL), free(icon);

	window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
	gtk_widget_set_name(window, "textadept");
	gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window), 1000, 600);
	g_signal_connect(window, "delete-event", G_CALLBACK(exiting), NULL);
	g_signal_connect(window, "focus-in-event", G_CALLBACK(window_focused), NULL);
	g_signal_connect(window, "focus-out-event", G_CALLBACK(focus_lost), NULL);
	g_signal_connect(window, "key-press-event", G_CALLBACK(window_keypress), NULL);
	accel = gtk_accel_group_new();

	GtkWidget *vbox = gtk_vbox_new(false, 0);

	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox), menubar = gtk_menu_bar_new(), false, false, 0);

	tabbar = gtk_notebook_new();
	g_signal_connect(tabbar, "switch-page", G_CALLBACK(tab_changed), NULL);
	g_signal_connect(tabbar, "page-reordered", G_CALLBACK(tab_reordered), NULL);
	gtk_notebook_set_scrollable(GTK_NOTEBOOK(tabbar), true);
	gtk_widget_set_can_focus(tabbar, false);
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox), tabbar, false, false, 0);

	GtkWidget *paned = gtk_vpaned_new();
	GtkWidget *editors = gtk_hbox_new(false, 0);
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(editors), get_view(), true, true, 0);
	gtk_paned_add1(GTK_PANED(paned), editors);
	command_entry_box = gtk_hbox_new(false, 0);
	command_entry_label = gtk_label_new("");
	gtk_misc_set_alignment(GTK_MISC(command_entry_label), 0, 0);
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(command_entry_box), command_entry_label, false, false, 5);
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(command_entry_box), command_entry, true, true, 5);
	gtk_paned_add2(GTK_PANED(paned), command_entry_box);
	gtk_container_child_set(GTK_CONTAINER(paned), command_entry_box, "shrink", false, NULL);
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox), paned, true, true, 0);

	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox), new_findbox(), false, false, 0);

	GtkWidget *hbox = gtk_hbox_new(false, 0);
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox), statusbar[0] = gtk_label_new(NULL), true, true, 5);
	gtk_misc_set_alignment(GTK_MISC(statusbar[0]), 0, 0); // left-align
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox), statusbar[1] = gtk_label_new(NULL), false, false, 5);
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox), hbox, false, false, 0);

	gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window), vbox);

	gtk_widget_show_all(window), gtk_widget_grab_focus(focused_view);
	gtk_widget_hide(menubar), gtk_widget_hide(tabbar), gtk_widget_hide(findbox),
		gtk_widget_hide(command_entry_box); // hide initially
}

void set_title(const char *title) { gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window), title); }

bool is_maximized(void) {
	return (gdk_window_get_state(gtk_widget_get_window(window)) & GDK_WINDOW_STATE_MAXIMIZED) > 0;
}

void set_maximized(bool maximize) {
	maximize ? gtk_window_maximize(GTK_WINDOW(window)) : gtk_window_unmaximize(GTK_WINDOW(window));
}

void get_size(int *width, int *height) { gtk_window_get_size(GTK_WINDOW(window), width, height); }

void set_size(int width, int height) { gtk_window_resize(GTK_WINDOW(window), width, height); }

// Signal for a Scintilla keypress.
// Note: cannot use bool return value due to modern i686-w64-mingw32-gcc issue.
static int keypress(GtkWidget *_, GdkEventKey *event, void *__) {
	int modifiers = (event->state & GDK_SHIFT_MASK ? SCMOD_SHIFT : 0) |
		(event->state & GDK_CONTROL_MASK ? SCMOD_CTRL : 0) |
		(event->state & GDK_MOD1_MASK ? SCMOD_ALT : 0) |
		(event->state & GDK_META_MASK ? SCMOD_META : 0);
	return emit("key", LUA_TNUMBER, event->keyval, LUA_TNUMBER, modifiers, -1);
}

// Signal for a Scintilla mouse click.
static bool mouse_clicked(GtkWidget *w, GdkEventButton *event, void *_) {
	if (w == command_entry || event->type != GDK_BUTTON_PRESS || event->button != 3) return false;
	return (show_context_menu("context_menu", event), true);
}

SciObject *new_scintilla(void (*notified)(SciObject *, int, SCNotification *, void *)) {
	SciObject *view = scintilla_new();
	if (notified) g_signal_connect(view, SCINTILLA_NOTIFY, G_CALLBACK(notified), NULL);
	g_signal_connect(view, "key-press-event", G_CALLBACK(keypress), NULL);
	g_signal_connect(view, "button-press-event", G_CALLBACK(mouse_clicked), NULL);
	return view;
}

void focus_view(SciObject *view) { gtk_widget_grab_focus(view), update_ui(); }

sptr_t SS(SciObject *view, int message, uptr_t wparam, sptr_t lparam) {
	return scintilla_send_message(SCINTILLA(view), message, wparam, lparam);
}

void split_view(SciObject *view, SciObject *view2, bool vertical) {
	GtkAllocation allocation;
	gtk_widget_get_allocation(view, &allocation);
	int middle = (vertical ? allocation.width : allocation.height) / 2;
	GtkWidget *parent = gtk_widget_get_parent(view);
	g_object_ref(view);
	gtk_container_remove(GTK_CONTAINER(parent), view);
	GtkWidget *pane = vertical ? gtk_hpaned_new() : gtk_vpaned_new();
	gtk_paned_add1(GTK_PANED(pane), view), gtk_paned_add2(GTK_PANED(pane), view2);
	gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(parent), pane);
	gtk_paned_set_position(GTK_PANED(pane), middle);
	gtk_widget_show_all(pane), update_ui(); // ensure view2 is painted
	g_object_unref(view);
}

// Removes all Scintilla views from the given pane and deletes them along with the child panes
// themselves.
static void remove_views(GtkPaned *pane, void (*delete_view)(SciObject *view)) {
	GtkWidget *child1 = gtk_paned_get_child1(pane), *child2 = gtk_paned_get_child2(pane);
	GTK_IS_PANED(child1) ? remove_views(GTK_PANED(child1), delete_view) : delete_view(child1);
	GTK_IS_PANED(child2) ? remove_views(GTK_PANED(child2), delete_view) : delete_view(child2);
}

bool unsplit_view(SciObject *view, void (*delete_view)(SciObject *view)) {
	GtkWidget *pane = gtk_widget_get_parent(view);
	if (!GTK_IS_PANED(pane)) return false;
	bool view_has_focus = view == focused_view;
	GtkWidget *other = gtk_paned_get_child1(GTK_PANED(pane)) != view ?
		gtk_paned_get_child1(GTK_PANED(pane)) :
		gtk_paned_get_child2(GTK_PANED(pane));
	g_object_ref(view), g_object_ref(other);
	gtk_container_remove(GTK_CONTAINER(pane), view), gtk_container_remove(GTK_CONTAINER(pane), other);
	GTK_IS_PANED(other) ? remove_views(GTK_PANED(other), delete_view) : delete_view(other);
	GtkWidget *parent = gtk_widget_get_parent(pane);
	gtk_container_remove(GTK_CONTAINER(parent), pane);
	if (GTK_IS_PANED(parent))
		!gtk_paned_get_child1(GTK_PANED(parent)) ? gtk_paned_add1(GTK_PANED(parent), view) :
																							 gtk_paned_add2(GTK_PANED(parent), view);
	else
		gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(parent), view);
	// gtk_widget_show_all(parent);
	gtk_widget_grab_focus(view_has_focus ? focused_view : view); // focused_view may not exist
	return (g_object_unref(view), g_object_unref(other), true);
}

void delete_scintilla(SciObject *view) { gtk_widget_destroy(view); }

Pane *get_top_pane(void) {
	GtkWidget *pane = focused_view;
	while (GTK_IS_PANED(gtk_widget_get_parent(pane))) pane = gtk_widget_get_parent(pane);
	return pane;
}

PaneInfo get_pane_info(Pane *pane) {
	PaneInfo info = {GTK_IS_PANED(pane), false, pane, pane, NULL, NULL, 0};
	if (info.is_split)
		info.vertical =
			gtk_orientable_get_orientation(GTK_ORIENTABLE(pane)) == GTK_ORIENTATION_HORIZONTAL,
		info.child1 = gtk_paned_get_child1(GTK_PANED(pane)),
		info.child2 = gtk_paned_get_child2(GTK_PANED(pane)),
		info.size = gtk_paned_get_position(GTK_PANED(pane));
	return info;
}

PaneInfo get_pane_info_from_view(SciObject *v) { return get_pane_info(gtk_widget_get_parent(v)); }

void set_pane_size(Pane *pane, int size) { gtk_paned_set_position(GTK_PANED(pane), size); }

void show_tabs(bool show) { gtk_widget_set_visible(tabbar, show); }

void add_tab(void) {
	GtkWidget *tab = gtk_vbox_new(false, 0); // placeholder in GtkNotebook
	tab_sync = true;
	int i = gtk_notebook_append_page(GTK_NOTEBOOK(tabbar), tab, NULL);
	gtk_widget_show(tab);
	gtk_notebook_set_tab_reorderable(GTK_NOTEBOOK(tabbar), tab, true);
	gtk_notebook_set_current_page(GTK_NOTEBOOK(tabbar), i);
	tab_sync = false;
}

void set_tab(int index) {
	tab_sync = true, gtk_notebook_set_current_page(GTK_NOTEBOOK(tabbar), index), tab_sync = false;
}

// Signal for a tab label mouse click.
static bool tab_clicked(GtkWidget *label, GdkEventButton *event, void *_) {
	GtkNotebook *notebook = GTK_NOTEBOOK(tabbar);
	for (int i = 0; i < gtk_notebook_get_n_pages(notebook); i++) {
		GtkWidget *page = gtk_notebook_get_nth_page(notebook, i);
		if (label != gtk_notebook_get_tab_label(notebook, page)) continue;
		int modifiers = (event->state & GDK_SHIFT_MASK ? SCMOD_SHIFT : 0) |
			(event->state & GDK_CONTROL_MASK ? SCMOD_CTRL : 0) |
			(event->state & GDK_MOD1_MASK ? SCMOD_ALT : 0) |
			(event->state & GDK_META_MASK ? SCMOD_META : 0);
		emit("tab_clicked", LUA_TNUMBER, i + 1, LUA_TNUMBER, event->button, LUA_TNUMBER, modifiers, -1);
		if (event->button == 3) show_context_menu("tab_context_menu", event);
		break;
	}
	return true;
}

void set_tab_label(int index, const char *text) {
	GtkWidget *box = gtk_event_box_new();
	gtk_event_box_set_visible_window(GTK_EVENT_BOX(box), false);
	GtkWidget *label = gtk_label_new(text);
	gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(box), label), gtk_widget_show(label);
	GtkNotebook *notebook = GTK_NOTEBOOK(tabbar);
	gtk_notebook_set_tab_label(notebook, gtk_notebook_get_nth_page(notebook, index), box);
	g_signal_connect(box, "button-press-event", G_CALLBACK(tab_clicked), NULL);
}

void move_tab(int from, int to) {
	GtkNotebook *notebook = GTK_NOTEBOOK(tabbar);
	gtk_notebook_reorder_child(notebook, gtk_notebook_get_nth_page(notebook, from), current_tab = to);
}

void remove_tab(int index) { gtk_notebook_remove_page(GTK_NOTEBOOK(tabbar), index); }

const char *get_find_text(void) { return gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY(find_entry)); }
const char *get_repl_text(void) { return gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY(repl_entry)); }
void set_find_text(const char *text) { gtk_entry_set_text(GTK_ENTRY(find_entry), text); }
void set_repl_text(const char *text) { gtk_entry_set_text(GTK_ENTRY(repl_entry), text); }

// Contains information for removing a duplicate find/replace history item.
typedef struct {
	GtkListStore *store;
	const char *text;
} FindDuplicateData;

// Removes a duplicate find/replace history item.
static int remove_duplicate(GtkTreeModel *model, GtkTreePath *_, GtkTreeIter *iter, void *data_) {
	FindDuplicateData *data = data_;
	char *text = NULL;
	gtk_tree_model_get(model, iter, 0, &text, -1);
	int found = strcmp(data->text, text) == 0;
	if (found) gtk_list_store_remove(data->store, iter);
	return (free(text), found);
}

// Adds the given text to the given list store, removing duplicates.
// Note: GtkComboBoxEntry key navigation behaves contrary to command line history
// navigation. Down cycles from newer to older, and up cycles from older to newer. In order to
// mimic traditional command line history navigation, append to the list instead of prepending
// to it.
static void add_to_history(GtkListStore *store, const char *text) {
	GtkTreeIter iter;
	int n = gtk_tree_model_iter_n_children(GTK_TREE_MODEL(store), NULL);
	if (n > 0) {
		char *last_text = NULL;
		gtk_tree_model_iter_nth_child(GTK_TREE_MODEL(store), &iter, NULL, n - 1),
			gtk_tree_model_get(GTK_TREE_MODEL(store), &iter, 0, &last_text, -1);
		bool add = strcmp(text, last_text) != 0;
		if (free(last_text), !add) return; // duplicate
		FindDuplicateData data = {store, text};
		gtk_tree_model_foreach(GTK_TREE_MODEL(store), remove_duplicate, &data);
	}
	gtk_list_store_append(store, &iter), gtk_list_store_set(store, &iter, 0, text, -1);
}

void add_to_find_history(const char *text) { add_to_history(find_history, text); }
void add_to_repl_history(const char *text) { add_to_history(repl_history, text); }

void set_entry_font(const char *name) {
	PangoFontDescription *font = pango_font_description_from_string(name);
	gtk_widget_modify_font(find_entry, font), gtk_widget_modify_font(repl_entry, font);
	pango_font_description_free(font);
}
bool is_checked(FindOption *opt) { return gtk_toggle_button_get_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(opt)); }
void toggle(FindOption *opt, bool on) { gtk_toggle_button_set_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(opt), on); }
void set_find_label(const char *s) { gtk_label_set_text_with_mnemonic(GTK_LABEL(find_label), s); }
void set_repl_label(const char *s) { gtk_label_set_text_with_mnemonic(GTK_LABEL(repl_label), s); }
void set_button_label(FindButton *btn, const char *s) { gtk_button_set_label(GTK_BUTTON(btn), s); }
void set_option_label(FindOption *opt, const char *s) { gtk_button_set_label(GTK_BUTTON(opt), s); }
void focus_find(void) {
	if (!gtk_widget_has_focus(find_entry) && !gtk_widget_has_focus(repl_entry))
		gtk_widget_show(findbox), gtk_widget_grab_focus(find_entry);
	else
		gtk_widget_grab_focus(focused_view), gtk_widget_hide(findbox);
}
bool is_find_active(void) { return gtk_widget_get_visible(findbox); }

void focus_command_entry(void) {
	if (!gtk_widget_get_visible(command_entry_box))
		gtk_widget_show(command_entry_box), gtk_widget_grab_focus(command_entry);
	else
		gtk_widget_grab_focus(focused_view), gtk_widget_hide(command_entry_box);
}
bool is_command_entry_active(void) { return gtk_widget_has_focus(command_entry); }
void set_command_entry_label(const char *text) {
	gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(command_entry_label), text);
}
int get_command_entry_height(void) {
	GtkAllocation allocation;
	return (gtk_widget_get_allocation(command_entry, &allocation), allocation.height);
}
void set_command_entry_height(int height) {
	GtkWidget *paned = gtk_widget_get_parent(command_entry_box);
	GtkAllocation allocation;
	gtk_widget_get_allocation(paned, &allocation);
	gtk_widget_set_size_request(command_entry, -1, height);
	gtk_paned_set_position(GTK_PANED(paned), allocation.height - height);
}

void set_statusbar_text(int i, const char *s) { gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(statusbar[i]), s); }

// Signal for a menu item click.
static void menu_clicked(GtkWidget *_, void *id) {
	emit("menu_clicked", LUA_TNUMBER, (int)(long)id, -1);
}

void *read_menu(lua_State *L, int index) {
	GtkWidget *menu = gtk_menu_new(), *submenu_root = NULL;
	if (lua_getfield(L, index, "title")) { // submenu title
		submenu_root = gtk_menu_item_new_with_mnemonic(lua_tostring(L, -1));
		gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(submenu_root), menu);
	}
	lua_pop(L, 1); // title
	for (size_t i = 1; i <= lua_rawlen(L, index); lua_pop(L, 1), i++) {
		if (lua_rawgeti(L, index, i) != LUA_TTABLE) continue; // popped on loop
		bool is_submenu = lua_getfield(L, -1, "title");
		if (lua_pop(L, 1), is_submenu) {
			gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu), read_menu(L, -1));
			continue;
		}
		const char *label = (lua_rawgeti(L, -1, 1), lua_tostring(L, -1));
		if (label) {
			// Menu item table is of the form {label, id, key, modifiers}.
			GtkWidget *menu_item =
				*label ? gtk_menu_item_new_with_mnemonic(label) : gtk_separator_menu_item_new();
			if (*label && get_int_field(L, -2, 3) > 0) {
				int key = get_int_field(L, -2, 3), modifiers = get_int_field(L, -2, 4), gdk_mods = 0;
				if (modifiers & SCMOD_SHIFT) gdk_mods |= GDK_SHIFT_MASK;
				if (modifiers & SCMOD_CTRL) gdk_mods |= GDK_CONTROL_MASK;
				if (modifiers & SCMOD_ALT) gdk_mods |= GDK_MOD1_MASK;
				if (modifiers & SCMOD_META) gdk_mods |= GDK_META_MASK;
				gtk_widget_add_accelerator(menu_item, "activate", accel, key, gdk_mods, GTK_ACCEL_VISIBLE);
			}
			g_signal_connect(
				menu_item, "activate", G_CALLBACK(menu_clicked), (void *)(long)get_int_field(L, -2, 2));
			gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu), menu_item);
		}
		lua_pop(L, 1); // label
	}
	return !submenu_root ? menu : submenu_root;
}

void popup_menu(void *menu, void *userdata) {
	GdkEventButton *event = userdata;
	gtk_widget_show_all(menu);
	gtk_menu_popup(GTK_MENU(menu), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, event ? event->button : 0,
		gdk_event_get_time((GdkEvent *)event));
}

void set_menubar(lua_State *L, int index) {
	GtkWidget *new_menubar = gtk_menu_bar_new();
	for (size_t i = 1; i <= lua_rawlen(L, index); lua_pop(L, 1), i++)
		gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(new_menubar),
			(lua_rawgeti(L, index, i), lua_touserdata(L, -1))); // popped on loop
	GtkWidget *vbox = gtk_widget_get_parent(menubar);
	gtk_container_remove(GTK_CONTAINER(vbox), menubar);
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox), menubar = new_menubar, false, false, 0);
	gtk_box_reorder_child(GTK_BOX(vbox), new_menubar, 0);
	if (lua_rawlen(L, index) > 0) gtk_widget_show_all(new_menubar);
}

char *get_clipboard_text(int *len) {
	char *text = gtk_clipboard_wait_for_text(gtk_clipboard_get(GDK_SELECTION_CLIPBOARD));
	*len = text ? strlen(text) : 0;
	return text;
}

// Contains information about an active timeout.
typedef struct {
	bool (*f)(int *);
	int *refs;
} TimeoutData;

// Signal for a timeout.
static int timed_out(void *data_) {
	TimeoutData *data = data_;
	bool repeat = data->f(data->refs);
	if (!repeat) free(data);
	return repeat;
}

void add_timeout(double interval, bool (*f)(int *), int *refs) {
	TimeoutData *data = malloc(sizeof(TimeoutData));
	data->f = f, data->refs = refs;
	g_timeout_add(interval * 1000, timed_out, data);
}

void update_ui(void) {
	while (gtk_events_pending()) gtk_main_iteration();
}

bool is_dark_mode(void) {
#if GTK_CHECK_VERSION(3, 0, 0)
	GtkStyleContext *context = gtk_style_context_new();
	GdkRGBA fore, back;
	gtk_style_context_lookup_color(context, "theme_fg_color", &fore);
	gtk_style_context_lookup_color(context, "theme_bg_color", &back);
	return (fore.red + fore.green + fore.blue) > (back.red + back.green + back.blue);
#else
	return false; // not supported in Gtk 2.0
#endif
}

// Returns a new message dialog with the specified title, icon, and buttons.
// This base dialog is not limited to showing messages. More widgets can be added to it.
static GtkWidget *new_dialog(DialogOptions *opts) {
	GtkWidget *dialog =
		gtk_message_dialog_new(GTK_WINDOW(window), 0, GTK_MESSAGE_OTHER, 0, "%s", opts->title);
	GtkWidget *image = NULL;
	if (opts->icon && gtk_icon_theme_has_icon(gtk_icon_theme_get_default(), opts->icon))
		image = gtk_image_new_from_icon_name(opts->icon, GTK_ICON_SIZE_DIALOG);
	gtk_message_dialog_set_image(GTK_MESSAGE_DIALOG(dialog), image);
	if (image) gtk_widget_show(image);
	if (opts->buttons[2]) gtk_dialog_add_button(GTK_DIALOG(dialog), opts->buttons[2], 3);
	if (opts->buttons[1]) gtk_dialog_add_button(GTK_DIALOG(dialog), opts->buttons[1], 2);
	gtk_dialog_add_button(GTK_DIALOG(dialog), opts->buttons[0], 1);
	return (gtk_dialog_set_default_response(GTK_DIALOG(dialog), 1), dialog);
}

int message_dialog(DialogOptions opts, lua_State *L) {
	GtkWidget *dialog = new_dialog(&opts);
	gtk_message_dialog_format_secondary_text(GTK_MESSAGE_DIALOG(dialog), "%s", opts.text);
	int button = gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog));
	return (gtk_widget_destroy(dialog), button > 0 ? (lua_pushinteger(L, button), 1) : 0);
}

int input_dialog(DialogOptions opts, lua_State *L) {
	GtkWidget *dialog = new_dialog(&opts), *entry = gtk_entry_new();
	gtk_window_set_resizable(GTK_WINDOW(dialog), true);
	GtkWidget *box = gtk_message_dialog_get_message_area(GTK_MESSAGE_DIALOG(dialog));
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box), entry, false, true, 0), gtk_widget_show(entry);
	gtk_entry_set_activates_default(GTK_ENTRY(entry), true);
	if (opts.text) gtk_entry_set_text(GTK_ENTRY(entry), opts.text);
	int button = gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog));
	if (button < 1 || (button == 2 && !opts.return_button)) return (gtk_widget_destroy(dialog), 0);
	lua_pushstring(L, gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY(entry)));
	return (gtk_widget_destroy(dialog), !opts.return_button ? 1 : (lua_pushinteger(L, button), 2));
}

// `ui.dialogs.open{...}` or `ui.dialogs.save{...}` Lua function.
static int open_save_dialog(DialogOptions *opts, lua_State *L, bool open) {
	GtkWidget *dialog = gtk_file_chooser_dialog_new(opts->title, GTK_WINDOW(window),
		open ? GTK_FILE_CHOOSER_ACTION_OPEN : GTK_FILE_CHOOSER_ACTION_SAVE, GTK_STOCK_CANCEL,
		GTK_RESPONSE_CANCEL, open ? GTK_STOCK_OPEN : GTK_STOCK_SAVE, GTK_RESPONSE_ACCEPT, NULL);
	GtkFileChooser *fc = GTK_FILE_CHOOSER(dialog);
	if (opts->dir) gtk_file_chooser_set_current_folder(fc, opts->dir);
	if (open) {
		if (opts->only_dirs) gtk_file_chooser_set_action(fc, GTK_FILE_CHOOSER_ACTION_SELECT_FOLDER);
		gtk_file_chooser_set_select_multiple(fc, opts->multiple);
		if (opts->dir && opts->file)
			gtk_file_chooser_select_filename(fc,
				(lua_pushstring(L, opts->dir), lua_pushliteral(L, G_DIR_SEPARATOR_S),
					lua_pushstring(L, opts->file), lua_concat(L, 3), lua_tostring(L, -1)));
	} else {
		gtk_file_chooser_set_do_overwrite_confirmation(fc, true);
		if (opts->file) gtk_file_chooser_set_current_name(fc, opts->file);
	}

	if (gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog)) != GTK_RESPONSE_ACCEPT)
		return (gtk_widget_destroy(dialog), 0);
	lua_newtable(L); // note: will be replaced by single value if opts->multiple is false
	GSList *filenames = gtk_file_chooser_get_filenames(fc), *f = filenames;
	for (int i = 1; f; f = f->next, i++) lua_pushstring(L, f->data), lua_rawseti(L, -2, i);
	g_slist_free_full(filenames, free);
	if (!opts->multiple) lua_rawgeti(L, -1, 1), lua_replace(L, -2); // single value
	return (gtk_widget_destroy(dialog), 1);
}

int open_dialog(DialogOptions opts, lua_State *L) { return open_save_dialog(&opts, L, true); }
int save_dialog(DialogOptions opts, lua_State *L) { return open_save_dialog(&opts, L, false); }

// Contains information about a currently active progress dialog.
typedef struct {
	GtkWidget *dialog, *bar;
	bool (*work)(void (*update)(double, const char *, void *), void *);
} ProgressData;

// Updates the given progressbar with the given percentage and text.
static void update(double percent, const char *text, void *bar) {
	percent >= 0 ? gtk_progress_bar_set_fraction(bar, 0.01 * percent) : gtk_progress_bar_pulse(bar);
	if (text) gtk_progress_bar_set_text(bar, text);
}

// Signal to update the progressbar by calling the provided work Lua function.
static int do_work(void *data_) {
	ProgressData *data = data_;
	bool repeat = data->work(update, data->bar);
	if (!repeat) g_signal_emit_by_name(data->dialog, "response", 0);
	while (gtk_events_pending()) gtk_main_iteration();
	return repeat;
}

int progress_dialog(
	DialogOptions opts, lua_State *L, bool (*work)(void (*)(double, const char *, void *), void *)) {
	GtkWidget *dialog = new_dialog(&opts), *bar = gtk_progress_bar_new();
	GtkWidget *box = gtk_message_dialog_get_message_area(GTK_MESSAGE_DIALOG(dialog));
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box), bar, false, true, 0), gtk_widget_show(bar);
	if (opts.text) gtk_progress_bar_set_text(GTK_PROGRESS_BAR(bar), opts.text);
	ProgressData data = {dialog, bar, work};
	int progressbar_source = g_timeout_add(0, do_work, &data);
	int stopped = gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog));
	if (stopped) g_source_remove(progressbar_source);
	return (gtk_widget_destroy(dialog), stopped ? (lua_pushboolean(L, true), 1) : 0);
}

// Function for comparing the given search key with a list's item/row.
// Iterates over all space-separated words in the key, matching each word to the item/row
// case-insensitively  and sequentially. If all key words match, returns 0 on success, like strcmp.
static int matches(GtkTreeModel *model, int column, const char *key, GtkTreeIter *iter, void *_) {
	if (!*key) return 0; // true
	char *item;
	gtk_tree_model_get(model, iter, column, &item, -1);
	const char *match_pos = item;
	for (const char *s = key, *e = s;; s = e) {
		while (*e && *e != ' ') e++;
		bool match = false;
		for (const char *p = match_pos; *p; p++)
			if (g_strncasecmp(s, p, e - s) == 0) {
				match_pos = p + (e - s), match = true;
				break;
			}
		if (!match || !*e++) return (free(item), !match); // !match is false, !*e is true (like strcmp)
	}
}

// Function for determining whether a list's item/row should be shown.
// A list item/row should only be shown if it matches the current search key.
static int visible(GtkTreeModel *model, GtkTreeIter *iter, void *treeview) {
	const char *key = gtk_entry_get_text(gtk_tree_view_get_search_entry(treeview));
	return matches(model, gtk_tree_view_get_search_column(treeview), key, iter, NULL) == 0;
}

// Selects the nth item in the given view if an item is not already selected.
// This is needed particularly when initially showing the list with no search key and after
// clearing the search key and refiltering.
static void select_nth_item(GtkTreeView *view, int n) {
	GtkTreeSelection *selection = gtk_tree_view_get_selection(view);
	if (gtk_tree_selection_count_selected_rows(selection) > 0) return; // already selected
	GtkTreePath *path = gtk_tree_path_new_from_indices(n - 1, -1);
	gtk_tree_selection_select_path(selection, path);
	gtk_tree_view_scroll_to_cell(view, path, NULL, false, 0, 0);
}

// Signal for showing and hiding list values/rows depending on the current search key.
static void refilter(GtkEditable *_, void *view) {
	gtk_tree_model_filter_refilter(GTK_TREE_MODEL_FILTER(gtk_tree_view_get_model(view))),
		select_nth_item(view, 1);
}

// Signal for an entry keypress.
// This is needed to scroll through list items when interactive search is not active.
// Note: key-press-event is never emitted for some reason (perhaps because this widget is an
// interactive search widget).
static int entry_keypress(GtkWidget *entry, GdkEventKey *event, void *treeview) {
	if (*gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY(entry))) return false;
	bool down = event->keyval == GDK_KEY_Down || event->keyval == GDK_KEY_Page_Down,
			 page = event->keyval == GDK_KEY_Page_Down || event->keyval == GDK_KEY_Page_Up;
	if (!down && !page && event->keyval != GDK_KEY_Up) return false;
	gtk_widget_grab_focus(treeview);
	int moved;
	g_signal_emit_by_name(treeview, "move-cursor",
		!page ? GTK_MOVEMENT_DISPLAY_LINES : GTK_MOVEMENT_PAGES, down ? 1 : -1, &moved);
	return (gtk_widget_grab_focus(entry), moved);
}

// Signal for a treeview keypress.
// This is needed to avoid triggering "row-activate" when pressing Enter, which collapses a
// multiple-selection.
static int list_keypress(GtkWidget *_, GdkEventKey *event, void *dialog) {
	if (event->keyval == GDK_KEY_Return) return (g_signal_emit_by_name(dialog, "response", 1), true);
	return false;
}

// Signal for an Enter keypress or double-click in the treeview.
static void row_activated(GtkTreeView *_, GtkTreePath *__, GtkTreeViewColumn *___, void *dialog) {
	g_signal_emit_by_name(dialog, "response", 1);
}

// Appends the selected row to the Lua table at the top of the Lua stack.
static void add_selected_row(GtkTreeModel *model, GtkTreePath *path, GtkTreeIter *_, void *__) {
	path = gtk_tree_model_filter_convert_path_to_child_path(GTK_TREE_MODEL_FILTER(model), path);
	int index = gtk_tree_path_get_indices(path)[0];
	lua_pushnumber(lua, index + 1), lua_rawseti(lua, -2, lua_rawlen(lua, -2) + 1);
}

int list_dialog(DialogOptions opts, lua_State *L) {
	int num_columns = opts.columns ? lua_rawlen(L, opts.columns) : 1,
			num_items = lua_rawlen(L, opts.items);
	GType cols[num_columns];
	for (int i = 0; i < num_columns; i++) cols[i] = G_TYPE_STRING;
	GtkListStore *store = gtk_list_store_newv(num_columns, cols);
	for (int i = 1, j = 0; i <= num_items; i++) {
		GtkTreeIter iter;
		if (j == 0) gtk_list_store_append(store, &iter);
		const char *item = (lua_rawgeti(L, opts.items, i), lua_tostring(L, -1));
		gtk_list_store_set(store, &iter, j++, item, -1), lua_pop(L, 1);
		if (j == num_columns) j = 0; // new row
	}
	GtkTreeModel *filter = gtk_tree_model_filter_new(GTK_TREE_MODEL(store), NULL);

	GtkWidget *dialog = new_dialog(&opts), *entry = gtk_entry_new(),
						*treeview = gtk_tree_view_new_with_model(filter);
	gtk_window_set_resizable(GTK_WINDOW(dialog), true);
	GtkDialog *dlg = GTK_DIALOG(dialog);
	GtkWidget *hbox = gtk_hbox_new(false, 0), *vbox = gtk_vbox_new(false, 10);
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(gtk_dialog_get_content_area(dlg)), hbox, true, true, 0);
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox), vbox, true, true, 10);
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox), entry, false, true, 0);
	gtk_entry_set_activates_default(GTK_ENTRY(entry), true);
	GtkWidget *scrolled = gtk_scrolled_window_new(NULL, NULL);
	gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox), scrolled, true, true, 0);
	gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(scrolled), treeview);
	gtk_tree_model_filter_set_visible_func(GTK_TREE_MODEL_FILTER(filter), visible, treeview, NULL);
	for (int i = 1; i <= num_columns; i++) {
		const char *header = opts.columns ? (lua_rawgeti(L, opts.columns, i), lua_tostring(L, -1)) : "";
		GtkTreeViewColumn *column = gtk_tree_view_column_new_with_attributes(
			header, gtk_cell_renderer_text_new(), "text", i - 1, NULL);
		// gtk_tree_view_column_set_sizing(column, GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN_AUTOSIZE);
		gtk_tree_view_append_column(GTK_TREE_VIEW(treeview), column);
		if (opts.columns) lua_pop(L, 1); // header
	}
	gtk_tree_view_set_headers_visible(GTK_TREE_VIEW(treeview), opts.columns);
	gtk_tree_view_set_search_column(GTK_TREE_VIEW(treeview), opts.search_column - 1);
	gtk_tree_view_set_search_entry(GTK_TREE_VIEW(treeview), GTK_ENTRY(entry));
	gtk_tree_view_set_search_equal_func(GTK_TREE_VIEW(treeview), matches, NULL, NULL);
	g_signal_connect(entry, "changed", G_CALLBACK(refilter), treeview);
	g_signal_connect(entry, "key-release-event", G_CALLBACK(entry_keypress), treeview);
	g_signal_connect(treeview, "key-press-event", G_CALLBACK(list_keypress), dialog);
	g_signal_connect(treeview, "row-activated", G_CALLBACK(row_activated), dialog);
	GtkTreeSelection *selection = gtk_tree_view_get_selection(GTK_TREE_VIEW(treeview));
	if (opts.multiple) gtk_tree_selection_set_mode(selection, GTK_SELECTION_MULTIPLE);
	// Set entry text here to initialize interactive search.
	if (opts.text) gtk_entry_set_text(GTK_ENTRY(entry), opts.text);
	select_nth_item(GTK_TREE_VIEW(treeview), opts.select);
	gtk_widget_show_all(dialog); // compute and draw columns
	int treeview_width = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < num_columns; i++) {
		treeview_width +=
			gtk_tree_view_column_get_width(gtk_tree_view_get_column(GTK_TREE_VIEW(treeview), i));
	}
	int dw = fmax(treeview_width, 800), dh = dw * 10 / 16; // 16:10 ratio, minimum 800x500
	gtk_window_resize(GTK_WINDOW(dialog), dw, dh);
	int x, y, w, h;
	gtk_window_get_position(GTK_WINDOW(window), &x, &y),
		gtk_window_get_size(GTK_WINDOW(window), &w, &h);
	gtk_window_move(GTK_WINDOW(dialog), x + (w - dw) / 2, y + (h - dh) / 2); // re-center

	int button = (gtk_widget_show_all(dialog), gtk_dialog_run(dlg));
	bool cancelled = button < 1 || (button == 2 && !opts.return_button);
	if (cancelled || !gtk_tree_selection_count_selected_rows(selection))
		return (gtk_widget_destroy(dialog), 0);
	lua_newtable(L); // note: will be replaced by a single result if opts.multiple is false
	gtk_tree_selection_selected_foreach(selection, add_selected_row, NULL);
	if (!opts.multiple) lua_rawgeti(L, -1, 1), lua_replace(L, -2); // single result
	if (opts.return_button) lua_pushinteger(L, button);
	return (gtk_widget_destroy(dialog), !opts.return_button ? 1 : 2);
}

// Contains information about an active process.
struct Process {
	int pid, fstdin, fstdout, fstderr, exit_status;
	GIOChannel *cstdout, *cstderr;
};
static inline struct Process *PROCESS(struct Process *proc) { return proc; }

// Signal that channel output is available for reading.
static int read_channel(GIOChannel *source, GIOCondition cond, void *proc) {
	if (!PROCESS(proc)->pid || !(cond & G_IO_IN)) return false;
	char buf[BUFSIZ];
	size_t len = 0;
	do {
		if (g_io_channel_read_chars(source, buf, BUFSIZ, &len, NULL) == G_IO_STATUS_NORMAL && len > 0)
			process_output(PROCESS(proc), buf, len, source == PROCESS(proc)->cstdout);
	} while (len == BUFSIZ);
	return PROCESS(proc)->pid && !(cond & G_IO_HUP);
}

// Creates and returns a new channel for reading from the given file descriptor. The channel
// can optionally monitor that file descriptor for output.
static GIOChannel *new_channel(int fd, Process *proc, bool watch) {
	GIOChannel *channel = g_io_channel_unix_new(fd);
	g_io_channel_set_encoding(channel, NULL, NULL), g_io_channel_set_buffered(channel, false);
	if (watch)
		g_io_add_watch(channel, G_IO_IN | G_IO_HUP, read_channel, proc), g_io_channel_unref(channel);
	return channel;
}

// Cleans up after the process finished executing and returned the given status code.
static void process_finished(struct Process *proc, int status) {
	g_source_remove_by_user_data(proc); // disconnect stdout watch
	g_source_remove_by_user_data(proc); // disconnect stderr watch
	g_source_remove_by_user_data(proc); // disconnect child watch
	g_spawn_close_pid(proc->pid), proc->pid = 0;
	close(proc->fstdin), close(proc->fstdout), close(proc->fstderr);
	process_exited(proc, proc->exit_status = status);
}

// Signal that the child process finished.
static void proc_exited(GPid _, int status, void *proc) { process_finished(proc, status); }

bool spawn(lua_State *L, Process *proc_, int index, const char *cmd, const char *cwd, int envi,
	bool monitor_stdout, bool monitor_stderr, const char **error) {
	struct Process *proc = proc_;
	// Construct argv from cmd and envp from envi.
	int envc = envi ? lua_rawlen(L, envi) : 0;
	char **argv, *envp[envc + 1];
	GError *err = NULL;
	if (!g_shell_parse_argv(cmd, NULL, &argv, &err)) return (*error = err->message, false);
	if (lua_checkstack(L, envc + 2), envi) // extra stack slots needed for key-value pairs
		for (int i = (lua_pushnil(L), 0); lua_next(L, envi); lua_pop(L, 1), i++)
			envp[i] = (char *)(lua_pushvalue(L, -1), lua_insert(L, -3), lua_tostring(L, -3));
	envp[envc] = NULL;
	// Spawn the process with pipes for stdin, stdout, and stderr.
	bool ok = g_spawn_async_with_pipes(cwd, argv, envi ? envp : NULL,
		G_SPAWN_DO_NOT_REAP_CHILD | G_SPAWN_SEARCH_PATH, NULL, NULL, &proc->pid, &proc->fstdin,
		&proc->fstdout, &proc->fstderr, &err);
	if (g_strfreev(argv), !ok) return (*error = err->message, false);
	// Monitor stdout, stderr, and the process itself.
	proc->cstdout = new_channel(proc->fstdout, proc, monitor_stdout),
	proc->cstderr = new_channel(proc->fstderr, proc, monitor_stderr);
	g_child_watch_add(proc->pid, proc_exited, proc);
	return true;
}

size_t process_size(void) { return sizeof(struct Process); }

bool is_process_running(Process *proc) { return PROCESS(proc)->pid; }

void wait_process(Process *proc) {
	int status;
	waitpid(PROCESS(proc)->pid, &status, 0), status = WIFEXITED(status) ? WEXITSTATUS(status) : 1;
	process_finished(proc, status);
}

char *read_process_output(Process *proc, char option, size_t *len, const char **error, int *code) {
	char *buf;
	GError *err = NULL;
	GIOStatus status = G_IO_STATUS_NORMAL;
	if (!g_io_channel_get_buffered(PROCESS(proc)->cstdout))
		g_io_channel_set_buffered(PROCESS(proc)->cstdout, true); // needed for manual read functions
	if (option == 'l' || option == 'L') {
		GString *s = g_string_new(NULL);
		status = g_io_channel_read_line_string(PROCESS(proc)->cstdout, s, NULL, &err);
		*len = s->len, buf = g_string_free(s, false);
	} else if (option == 'a') {
		status = g_io_channel_read_to_end(PROCESS(proc)->cstdout, &buf, len, &err);
		if (status == G_IO_STATUS_EOF) status = G_IO_STATUS_NORMAL;
	} else if (option == 'n') {
		size_t bytes = *len;
		status = g_io_channel_read_chars(PROCESS(proc)->cstdout, buf = malloc(bytes), bytes, len, &err);
	}
	if ((g_io_channel_get_buffer_condition(PROCESS(proc)->cstdout) & G_IO_IN) == 0)
		g_io_channel_set_buffered(PROCESS(proc)->cstdout, false); // needed for stdout callback
	if (option == 'l' && buf[*len - 1] == '\n') (*len)--;
	if (option == 'l' && buf[*len - 1] == '\r') (*len)--;
	if (status == G_IO_STATUS_EOF) return (free(buf), *error = NULL, NULL);
	if (status != G_IO_STATUS_NORMAL) *error = err->message, *code = err->code, free(buf), buf = NULL;
	return buf;
}

void write_process_input(Process *proc, const char *s, size_t len) {
	write(PROCESS(proc)->fstdin, s, len);
}

void close_process_input(Process *proc) { close(PROCESS(proc)->fstdin); }

void kill_process(Process *proc, int signal) {
	kill(PROCESS(proc)->pid, signal ? signal : SIGKILL);
}

int get_process_exit_status(Process *proc) { return PROCESS(proc)->exit_status; }

void cleanup_process(Process *proc) {}

void suspend(void) {}

void quit(void) {
	GdkEventAny event = {GDK_DELETE, gtk_widget_get_window(window), true};
	gdk_event_put((GdkEvent *)&event);
}

// Signal for processing a remote Textadept's command line arguments.
static int process(GApplication *_, GApplicationCommandLine *line, void *__) {
	if (!lua) return 0; // only process argv for secondary/remote instances
	int argc = 0;
	char **argv = g_application_command_line_get_arguments(line, &argc);
	const char *cwd = g_application_command_line_get_cwd(line);
	if (argc > 1) {
		lua_newtable(lua);
		lua_pushstring(lua, cwd), lua_rawseti(lua, -2, -1);
		while (--argc) lua_pushstring(lua, argv[argc]), lua_rawseti(lua, -2, argc);
		emit("command_line", LUA_TTABLE, luaL_ref(lua, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX), -1);
	}
	return (g_strfreev(argv), gtk_window_present(GTK_WINDOW(window)), 0);
}

// Runs Textadept.
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
	bool force = false;
	for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++)
		if (strcmp("-f", argv[i]) == 0 || strcmp("--force", argv[i]) == 0) {
			force = true;
			break;
		} else if (strcmp("-L", argv[i]) == 0 || strcmp("--lua", argv[i]) == 0)
			return (init_textadept(argc, argv), exit_status);
	gtk_init(&argc, &argv);

	GApplication *app = g_application_new("textadept.editor", G_APPLICATION_HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE);
	g_signal_connect(app, "command-line", G_CALLBACK(process), NULL);
	if (!force && g_application_register(app, NULL, NULL) && g_application_get_is_remote(app))
		return (g_application_run(app, argc, argv), g_object_unref(app), 0);

	if (!init_textadept(argc, argv)) return (g_object_unref(app), exit_status);
	g_signal_connect(
		gtk_settings_get_default(), "notify::gtk-theme-name", G_CALLBACK(mode_changed), NULL);
	gtk_main();

	return (g_object_unref(app), exit_status); // close_textadept() was called before gtk_main_quit()
}