Refactor static / dynamic linking into build options

ci-targets.yaml

@@ -257,9 +257,9 @@ linux:
       - "3.12"
       - "3.13"
     build_options:
-      - debug
-      - noopt
-      - lto
+      - debug+static
+      - noopt+static
+      - lto+static
     run: true
 
   x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl:
@@ -273,9 +273,9 @@ linux:
       - "3.12"
       - "3.13"
     build_options:
-      - debug
-      - noopt
-      - lto
+      - debug+static
+      - noopt+static
+      - lto+static
     run: true
 
   x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-musl:
@@ -289,9 +289,9 @@ linux:
       - "3.12"
       - "3.13"
     build_options:
-      - debug
-      - noopt
-      - lto
+      - debug+static
+      - noopt+static
+      - lto+static
     run: true
 
   x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-musl:
@@ -305,9 +305,9 @@ linux:
       - "3.12"
       - "3.13"
     build_options:
-      - debug
-      - noopt
-      - lto
+      - debug+static
+      - noopt+static
+      - lto+static
     run: true
 
 windows:

cpython-unix/build-cpython.sh

@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ CONFIGURE_FLAGS="
     --without-ensurepip
     ${EXTRA_CONFIGURE_FLAGS}"
 
-if [ "${CC}" = "musl-clang" ]; then
+if [ -n "${CPYTHON_STATIC}" ]; then
     CFLAGS="${CFLAGS} -static"
     CPPFLAGS="${CPPFLAGS} -static"
     LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS} -static"

cpython-unix/build-main.py

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ def main():
         print("Unsupported build platform: %s" % sys.platform)
         return 1
 
+    # Note these arguments must be synced with `build.py`
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
 
     parser.add_argument(
@@ -54,10 +55,14 @@ def main():
         help="Target host triple to build for",
     )
 
-    optimizations = {"debug", "noopt", "pgo", "lto", "pgo+lto"}
+    # Construct possible options, we use a set here for canonical ordering
+    options = set()
+    options.update({"debug", "noopt", "pgo", "lto", "pgo+lto"})
+    options.update({f"freethreaded+{option}" for option in options})
+    options.update({f"{option}+static" for option in options})
     parser.add_argument(
         "--options",
-        choices=optimizations.union({f"freethreaded+{o}" for o in optimizations}),
+        choices=options,
         default="noopt",
         help="Build options to apply when compiling Python",
     )

cpython-unix/build.py

@@ -488,6 +488,7 @@ def python_build_info(
     target_triple,
     musl,
     lto,
+    static,
     extensions,
     extra_metadata,
 ):
@@ -506,7 +507,7 @@ def python_build_info(
             )
         )
 
-        if not musl:
+        if not static:
             bi["core"]["shared_lib"] = "install/lib/libpython%s%s.so.1.0" % (
                 version,
                 binary_suffix,
@@ -735,6 +736,7 @@ def build_cpython(
         python_archive,
         python_version=python_version,
         target_triple=target_triple,
+        build_options=parsed_build_options,
         extension_modules=ems,
     )
 
@@ -825,6 +827,8 @@ def build_cpython(
             env["CPYTHON_OPTIMIZED"] = "1"
         if "lto" in parsed_build_options:
             env["CPYTHON_LTO"] = "1"
+        if "static" in parsed_build_options:
+            env["CPYTHON_STATIC"] = "1"
 
         add_target_env(env, host_platform, target_triple, build_env)
 
@@ -834,19 +838,26 @@ def build_cpython(
         crt_features = []
 
         if host_platform == "linux64":
-            if "musl" in target_triple:
+            if "static" in parsed_build_options:
                 crt_features.append("static")
             else:
                 extension_module_loading.append("shared-library")
-                crt_features.append("glibc-dynamic")
 
-                glibc_max_version = build_env.get_file("glibc_version.txt").strip()
-                if not glibc_max_version:
-                    raise Exception("failed to retrieve glibc max symbol version")
+                if "musl" in target_triple:
+                    crt_features.append("musl-dynamic")
+                    # TODO: Determine the dynamic musl libc version
 
-                crt_features.append(
-                    "glibc-max-symbol-version:%s" % glibc_max_version.decode("ascii")
-                )
+                else:
+                    crt_features.append("glibc-dynamic")
+
+                    glibc_max_version = build_env.get_file("glibc_version.txt").strip()
+                    if not glibc_max_version:
+                        raise Exception("failed to retrieve glibc max symbol version")
+
+                    crt_features.append(
+                        "glibc-max-symbol-version:%s"
+                        % glibc_max_version.decode("ascii")
+                    )
 
             python_symbol_visibility = "global-default"
 
@@ -874,7 +885,9 @@ def build_cpython(
             "python_stdlib_test_packages": sorted(STDLIB_TEST_PACKAGES),
             "python_symbol_visibility": python_symbol_visibility,
             "python_extension_module_loading": extension_module_loading,
-            "libpython_link_mode": "static" if "musl" in target_triple else "shared",
+            "libpython_link_mode": (
+                "static" if "static" in parsed_build_options else "shared"
+            ),
             "crt_features": crt_features,
             "run_tests": "build/run_tests.py",
             "build_info": python_build_info(
@@ -884,6 +897,7 @@ def build_cpython(
                 target_triple,
                 "musl" in target_triple,
                 "lto" in parsed_build_options,
+                "static" in parsed_build_options,
                 enabled_extensions,
                 extra_metadata,
             ),
@@ -946,6 +960,7 @@ def main():
             print("unable to connect to Docker: %s" % e, file=sys.stderr)
             return 1
 
+    # Note these arguments must be synced with `build-main.py`
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
     parser.add_argument(
         "--host-platform", required=True, help="Platform we are building from"
@@ -955,13 +970,19 @@ def main():
         required=True,
         help="Host triple that we are building Python for",
     )
-    optimizations = {"debug", "noopt", "pgo", "lto", "pgo+lto"}
+
+    # Construct possible options
+    options = set()
+    options.update({"debug", "noopt", "pgo", "lto", "pgo+lto"})
+    options.update({f"freethreaded+{option}" for option in options})
+    options.update({f"{option}+static" for option in options})
     parser.add_argument(
         "--options",
-        choices=optimizations.union({f"freethreaded+{o}" for o in optimizations}),
+        choices=options,
         default="noopt",
         help="Build options to apply when compiling Python",
     )
+
     parser.add_argument(
         "--toolchain",
         action="store_true",

pythonbuild/cpython.py

@@ -227,6 +227,7 @@ def derive_setup_local(
     cpython_source_archive,
     python_version,
     target_triple,
+    build_options,
     extension_modules,
 ):
     """Derive the content of the Modules/Setup.local file."""
@@ -466,12 +467,11 @@ def derive_setup_local(
             enabled_extensions[name]["setup_line"] = name.encode("ascii")
             continue
 
-        # musl is static only. Ignore build-mode override.
-        if "musl" in target_triple:
-            section = "static"
-        else:
-            section = info.get("build-mode", "static")
-
+        # Force static linking if we're doing a fully static build, otherwise,
+        # respect the `build-mode` falling back to `static` if not defined.
+        section = (
+            "static" if "static" in build_options else info.get("build-mode", "static")
+        )
         enabled_extensions[name]["build-mode"] = section
 
         # Presumably this means the extension comes from the distribution's

src/release.rs

@@ -166,6 +166,7 @@ pub static RELEASE_TRIPLES: Lazy<BTreeMap<&'static str, TripleRelease>> = Lazy::
         "freethreaded+lto",
         "freethreaded+noopt",
     ];
+    let linux_suffixes_nopgo_static = vec!["debug+static", "lto+static", "noopt+static"];
 
     h.insert(
         "aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu",
@@ -297,35 +298,35 @@ pub static RELEASE_TRIPLES: Lazy<BTreeMap<&'static str, TripleRelease>> = Lazy::
     h.insert(
         "x86_64-unknown-linux-musl",
         TripleRelease {
-            suffixes: linux_suffixes_nopgo.clone(),
-            install_only_suffix: "lto",
+            suffixes: linux_suffixes_nopgo_static.clone(),
+            install_only_suffix: "lto+static",
             python_version_requirement: Some(VersionSpecifier::from_str("<3.14").unwrap()),
             conditional_suffixes: vec![],
         },
     );
     h.insert(
         "x86_64_v2-unknown-linux-musl",
         TripleRelease {
-            suffixes: linux_suffixes_nopgo.clone(),
-            install_only_suffix: "lto",
+            suffixes: linux_suffixes_nopgo_static.clone(),
+            install_only_suffix: "lto+static",
             python_version_requirement: Some(VersionSpecifier::from_str("<3.14").unwrap()),
             conditional_suffixes: vec![],
         },
     );
     h.insert(
         "x86_64_v3-unknown-linux-musl",
         TripleRelease {
-            suffixes: linux_suffixes_nopgo.clone(),
-            install_only_suffix: "lto",
+            suffixes: linux_suffixes_nopgo_static.clone(),
+            install_only_suffix: "lto+static",
             python_version_requirement: Some(VersionSpecifier::from_str("<3.14").unwrap()),
             conditional_suffixes: vec![],
         },
     );
     h.insert(
         "x86_64_v4-unknown-linux-musl",
         TripleRelease {
-            suffixes: linux_suffixes_nopgo.clone(),
-            install_only_suffix: "lto",
+            suffixes: linux_suffixes_nopgo_static.clone(),
+            install_only_suffix: "lto+static",
             python_version_requirement: Some(VersionSpecifier::from_str("<3.14").unwrap()),
             conditional_suffixes: vec![],
         },